Difference between revisions of "Linux"
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'''Linux''' is a computer operating system and its kernel. It is one of the most prominent examples of free software and of open-source development: unlike proprietary operating systems such as Windows and Mac OS, all of its underlying source code is available to the public and anyone can freely use, modify, improve, and redistribute it. | '''Linux''' is a computer operating system and its kernel. It is one of the most prominent examples of free software and of open-source development: unlike proprietary operating systems such as Windows and Mac OS, all of its underlying source code is available to the public and anyone can freely use, modify, improve, and redistribute it. | ||
| − | == Kernel == | + | ==Kernel== |
The kernel is the core piece of the Linux operating system. | The kernel is the core piece of the Linux operating system. | ||
| − | * Current (stable version): '''2.6.20''' (2007-02- | + | * Current (stable version): '''2.6.20.1''' (2007-02-20) |
The kernel manages the resources of the Linux OS; such as the following: | The kernel manages the resources of the Linux OS; such as the following: | ||
| Line 17: | Line 17: | ||
The kernel decides who will use these resources, for how long, and when. | The kernel decides who will use these resources, for how long, and when. | ||
| − | == Keyboard shortcuts == | + | ==Keyboard shortcuts== |
;Ctrl+Alt+Del : shut down computer | ;Ctrl+Alt+Del : shut down computer | ||
;Ctrl+Alt+(F1,F2,...,F''n'') : switch to ''n''-th console | ;Ctrl+Alt+(F1,F2,...,F''n'') : switch to ''n''-th console | ||
| Line 35: | Line 35: | ||
;Ctrl+Shift+NumLock : turn keypad into mouse keys | ;Ctrl+Shift+NumLock : turn keypad into mouse keys | ||
| − | == Tutorials == | + | ==Tutorials== |
| − | === Beginner === | + | ===Beginner=== |
* [[Linux 101]] — level 1 | * [[Linux 101]] — level 1 | ||
* [[Linux 102]] — level 2 | * [[Linux 102]] — level 2 | ||
* [[Linux 103]] — level 3 | * [[Linux 103]] — level 3 | ||
| − | === Intermediate === | + | ===Intermediate=== |
* [[Linux 201]] — level 1 | * [[Linux 201]] — level 1 | ||
* [[Linux 202]] — level 2 | * [[Linux 202]] — level 2 | ||
* [[Linux 203]] — level 3 | * [[Linux 203]] — level 3 | ||
| − | === Advanced === | + | ===Advanced=== |
* [[Linux 301]] — level 1 | * [[Linux 301]] — level 1 | ||
* [[Linux 302]] — level 2 | * [[Linux 302]] — level 2 | ||
* [[Linux 303]] — level 3 | * [[Linux 303]] — level 3 | ||
| − | == Distributions == | + | ==Distributions== |
Linux is predominantly used as part of a Linux distribution (commonly called a 'distro'). These are compiled by individuals, loose-knit teams, and various professional organizations. They include additional system software and application programs, as well as certain processes to install these systems on a computer. | Linux is predominantly used as part of a Linux distribution (commonly called a 'distro'). These are compiled by individuals, loose-knit teams, and various professional organizations. They include additional system software and application programs, as well as certain processes to install these systems on a computer. | ||
| Line 58: | Line 58: | ||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
| − | |||
*[http://www.kernel.org/ The Linux Kernel Archives] — the primary site for the Linux kernel source, but it has much more than just Linux kernels. | *[http://www.kernel.org/ The Linux Kernel Archives] — the primary site for the Linux kernel source, but it has much more than just Linux kernels. | ||
*[http://linux-newbie.sunsite.dk/ Linux Newbie Administrator Guide] — (LNAG) | *[http://linux-newbie.sunsite.dk/ Linux Newbie Administrator Guide] — (LNAG) | ||
| Line 65: | Line 64: | ||
*[http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/stable/index.html Beyond Linux From Scratch] | *[http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/stable/index.html Beyond Linux From Scratch] | ||
*[http://www.digitalhermit.com/linux/Kernel-Build-HOWTO.html Kernel Rebuild Guide] — by Kwan Lowe | *[http://www.digitalhermit.com/linux/Kernel-Build-HOWTO.html Kernel Rebuild Guide] — by Kwan Lowe | ||
| + | *[[wikipedia:Linux]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
[[Category:Technical and Specialized Skills]] | [[Category:Technical and Specialized Skills]] | ||
Revision as of 02:12, 27 February 2007
Linux is a computer operating system and its kernel. It is one of the most prominent examples of free software and of open-source development: unlike proprietary operating systems such as Windows and Mac OS, all of its underlying source code is available to the public and anyone can freely use, modify, improve, and redistribute it.
Contents
Kernel
The kernel is the core piece of the Linux operating system.
- Current (stable version): 2.6.20.1 (2007-02-20)
The kernel manages the resources of the Linux OS; such as the following:
- File management
- Multitasking
- Memory management
- I/O management
- Process management:
/proc/ - Device management:
/dev/ - Networking support (including IPv4 and IPv6)
- Virtual memory, shared libraries, demand loading, etc.
The kernel decides who will use these resources, for how long, and when.
Keyboard shortcuts
- Ctrl+Alt+Del
- shut down computer
- Ctrl+Alt+(F1,F2,...,Fn)
- switch to n-th console
- Alt+<- | Alt+->
- switch to next|previous virtual terminal
- Ctrl+k
- clear CLI from cursor position to end of line
- Ctrl+u
- clear CLI from cursor position to beginning of line
- Ctrl+a
- move cursor to beginning of CLI
- Ctrl+l
- clear console screen
- Ctrl+z
- pause (see 'bg' and 'fg')
- Ctrl+r
- incremental search of previous command history
- Tab
- CLI-autocompletion
- Scroll Lock
- lock terminal input/output
- Shift+pgUp | Shift+pgDn
- scroll console buffer up|down
- Ctrl+Alt++ | Ctrl+Alt+-
- change screen resolution higher|lower
- Ctrl+Alt+Bksp
- kill X-server (note: running aps will be terminated)
- Alt+F2
- run command box (on KDE)
- Ctrl+Shift+NumLock
- turn keypad into mouse keys
Tutorials
Beginner
Intermediate
Advanced
Distributions
Linux is predominantly used as part of a Linux distribution (commonly called a 'distro'). These are compiled by individuals, loose-knit teams, and various professional organizations. They include additional system software and application programs, as well as certain processes to install these systems on a computer.
My favourite distributions include:
- SuSE — my primary operating system since 1999. (see also: openSUSE)
- Mandriva
- Damn Small Linux (DSL) — A live CD designed for MiniCD with a hard drive install option.
External links
- The Linux Kernel Archives — the primary site for the Linux kernel source, but it has much more than just Linux kernels.
- Linux Newbie Administrator Guide — (LNAG)
- Introduction to Linux - A Hands on Guide — by Machtelt Garrels (14-Mar-2006)
- The Linux Kernel Module Programming Guide
- Beyond Linux From Scratch
- Kernel Rebuild Guide — by Kwan Lowe
- wikipedia:Linux
This article is curently a "stub". This means it is an incomplete article needing further elaboration.
I always welcome suggestions, comments, and criticism. If you have something to contribute to this site, please follow this link: Contributing Information. Thank you!
