Difference between revisions of "Vi"
From Christoph's Personal Wiki
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:r ! grep string /var/log/apache2/site-error.log | :r ! grep string /var/log/apache2/site-error.log | ||
:set shell ? # check the current shell | :set shell ? # check the current shell | ||
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| + | === Appending data === | ||
| + | * append current line (under cursor) to external file: | ||
| + | :.w! >> /for/bar | ||
== Switching cases == | == Switching cases == | ||
Revision as of 05:57, 2 November 2006
- The correct title of this article is vi. The initial letter is capitalized due to technical restrictions.
vi is a screen-oriented text editor computer program run from the command line.
Contents
Commands
Below is a very short list of the most useful commands:
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External commands
Ctrl-Z # pause fg # resume
Bang!
- find out how many words are in the currently opened file (from the last save):
:! wc %
- check the PHP syntax of the currently opened (php) file:
:! php5 -l %
Reading command output
- to include a list of files from a specific directory, try this read command:
:r ! ls -1 /home/user/path/etc
- grab a page, using lynx, and dump it right into your editing session without leaving vim:
:r ! lynx http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vi -dump
- etc:
:r ! ls -1 /home/user/directory | sort -r :r ! grep string /var/log/apache2/site-error.log :set shell ? # check the current shell
Appending data
- append current line (under cursor) to external file:
:.w! >> /for/bar
Switching cases
In the replacement part of a substitution command, i.e. between the second "/" and third "/",
\u means make the following character upper case \l means make the following character lower case \U means make the rest of the replacement upper case \L means make the rest of the replacement lower case
- Make the first letter of every word from line 18 to 43 uppercase:
:18,43s/\<./\u&/g
- Change "uPPeR" and "LoweR" in any mixture of cases to lowercase:
:s/[UuLl][PpOo][PpWw][Ee][Rr]/\L&/
- Make the whole file uppercase:
:%s/.*/\U&/
- Make the region from line m to line n all uppercase:
:'m,'ns/.*/\U&/
- Make a paragraph all lowercase:
:?^$?,/^$/s/.*/\L&/
- Make the first letter of every word in a paragraph uppercase:
:?^$?,/^$/s/\([^ ][^ ]*\)/\u&/g
- Make the second word of each line uppercase:
:1,$s/^\([^ ]*\) \([^ ]*\) \(.*\)/\1 \U\2\e \3/
Configuring vi/vim
It is possible to extensively configure vi (or vim) to suit your personal needs.
For an example, if you would like syntax-highlighting to be used by default for most of your code files, edit your .vimrc file (located in your "home" directory. If one does not exist, create it) and add the following line:
syn on
