Homology modeling

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Homology modeling, also known as comparative modeling of protein, refers to constructing an atomic-resolution model of the "target" protein from its amino acid sequence and an experimental three-dimensional structure of a related homologous protein (the "template"). Homology modeling relies on the identification of one or more known protein structures likely to resemble the structure of the query sequence, and on the production of an alignment that maps residues in the query sequence to residues in the template sequence. It has been shown that protein structures are more conserved than protein sequences amongst homologues, but sequences falling below a 20% sequence identity can have very different structure.[1]

Popular Web servers for remote homology/fold recognition

Homology modeling servers
Server name Consensus/
single
Model building/
confidence measure
FR/
ab initio
Phyre Single Model + confidence FR
I-TASSER Single Model + confidence FR + ab initio
SAM-T06 Single Model + confidence FR
HHpred Single Confidence FR
GenThreader Single P-value FR
PCONS Consensus Model + Pcons score FR
Bioinfo Consensus Model + E-value FR
FFAS Single FFAS score FR
Robetta Single Model + confidence FR + ab initio
SP4 Single Model + Z-score FR
"Consensus" indicates that the server collates results from multiple independent servers to form a final prediction, whereas "single" indicates that a server uses only its own local methods. The Model building/confidence measure column indicates whether a server provides as output 3D coordinates of a potential model ("Model") and a score indicating the confidence in the model (Z-score, P-value, E-value and so on). The "FR/ab initio" column indicates whether the server can produce results based only on remote homology/fold recognition ("FR") or can additionally build models in the absence of a template ("ab initio").[2]

See also

References

  1. Chothia, C; Lesk, AM (1986). "The relation between the divergence of sequence and structure in proteins". EMBO J 5 (4): 823–6. PMC 1166865. PMID 3709526.
  2. Kelley LA, Sternber MJE (2009). "Protein structure prediction on the Web: a case study using the Phyre server". Nature Protocols 4: 363-371. DOI:10.1038/nprot.2009.2

External links

  • 3D-Coffee and Expresso — a special mode of T-Coffee that uses structural information
  • SWISS-MODEL - automated model construction server
  • 3D-JIGSAW - automated model construction server
  • PHYRE – automated model construction server, replace 3D-PSSM.
  • MODELLER – widely used standalone program using the spatial restraints method
  • ModBase – database for homology models
  • LiveBench – continuous benchmark for automated prediction servers
  • EVA – continuous benchmark for automated prediction servers
  • Consensus – Alignment of a sequence (target) to its closest homolog in PDB (template) using a consensus of other alignment methods
  • MolIDE – Open-source cross-platform graphical environment for homology modeling
  • WHAT IF – free servers for structure and model analysis, validation, and visualisation.
  • PDBREPORT – lists of errors in PDB files.
  • WHAT_CHECK – downloadable software for structure and model validation.
  • SUPERFAMILY – Hidden Markov model library offering remote homology detection at the Structural_Classification_of_Proteins (SCOP)
  • HOMSTRAD (Homologous Structure Alignment Database) — a curated database of structure-based alignments for homologous protein families.
  • PDBeFold (Structure Similarity; SSM) — an interactive service for comparing protein structures in 3D (pdbe.org/fold)