Difference between revisions of "Scientific English"

Latest revision as of 05:29, 2 November 2006

ab initio 

from the beginning

ad hoc 

for the special purpose or end

anno Domini (A.D.) 

in the year of our Lord; a date after Christ

ante meridiem (a.m.) 

before noon

post meridiem (p.m.) 

after noon

circa (ca.) 

about; used especially in approximate dates

et alia (et al.) 

and others; and elsewhere

et cetera (etc.) 

and others; and so forth; and so on

exempli gratia (e.g.) 

for example; such as

ibidem (ibid.) 

in the aformentioned place

idem 

the same as previously given

id est (i.e.) 

that is [see also: scilicet (sc.)]

in vivo 

within a living organism

in vitro 

in an artificial environment outside the living organism

in silico 

in computer simulation or in virtual reality

in situ 

a. in place or position; undisturbed; b. in a localized state or condition

ex situ 

the opposite of in situ

opere citato (op. cit.) 

in the work cited; used in place of repeating the citation of the most recently referenced work in text.

sic 

thus; so; used to indicate that a surprising word in the text is not a mistake or is quoted verbatim.

vice versa 

conversely; in reverse order from that stated

vide 

see

vide ante 

see before

vide infra 

see below

vide post 

see after

vide supra 

see above

videlicet (viz.) 

that is to say; namely

quod vide (q.v.) 

which see; used after a term or phrase that should be looked up elsewhere in the current document or book. For more than one term or phrase, the plural is quae vide (qq.v.)

nomen nescio (N.N.) 

I do not know the name; used as a placeholder for unknown names

instante mense (inst.) 

this month;

proximo mense (prox.) 

next month;

ultimo mense (ult.) 

last month;

quod erat faciendum (Q.E.F.) 

which was to be done.